The social expenditure database is comprised of three databases. The oecd social expenditure database socx has been developed in order to serve a growing need for indicators of social policy. Is the european welfare state really more expensive. Organisation for economic cooperation and development oecd menu. Social expenditures in the us are higher than all other oecd countries, except france by ryan mcmaken, mises institute according to the organization of economic cooperation and development oecd, social expenditures are expenditures that occur with the purpose of redistributing resources from one group to another, in order to benefit a lowerincome or. Benefits may be targeted at lowincome households, the elderly, disabled, sick, unemployed, or young persons. The latest period of economic turmoil has sparked a debate on the role of austerity measures that tighten social expenditure to promote a return to economic growth. Adolescents psychological health during the economic. Reliable information about the coronavirus covid19 is available from the world health organization current situation, international travel.
Social expenditure as a proportion of gdp was extracted from the social expenditure aggregated data table of oecd. Data and research on social and welfare issues including families and children, gender equality, gini coefficient, wellbeing, poverty reduction, human capital and inequality. Services trade restrictiveness index regulatory database. This includes redundancy payments from public funds, as well as the payment of pensions to beneficiaries before they reach the standard pensionable age, if these payments are made because the beneficiaries are out of work or for other labour market policy. It includes reliable and internationally comparable statistics on public and mandatory and voluntary private social expenditure at programme level as well as net social spending indicators. Institutions and development database 2012 giddb social institutions data social institutions and gender index sigi. Many oecd countries responded to the current economic recession by increasing public spending on family benefits in order to guarantee social security for families and young people in need. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click on download.
Oecd social expenditure database and education database fig. A comparative study of 18 oecd countries 19602000, in j. Public expenditure on disability and sickness cash benefits, in % gdp. Oecd 2010b oecd 2010a different years between 2004 and 2008 oecd 2010a broad base low rate oecd 2010b tax expenditures in oecd countries source. How to achieve growth and equityfriendly consolidation, oecd economics department working paper no. Iincludes reliable and internationally comparable statistics on public and mandatory and voluntary private social expenditure at programme level. Socx includes social spending flows controlled by the general government that can be attributed to an individual beneficiary. In korea, social assistance expenditure as a share of gdp remained stable at only 0. Statistics in development cooperation statistics by. The oecd social expenditure data base socx allows the monitoring of trends in aggregate social expenditure and changes in its composition. Many oecd countries have replied to economic recessions with an adaption in public spending on social benefits for families and young people in need. Net public social expenditure analysis of oecd data eldis. In fact, korea is the country that exhibits both the lowest levels of total social expenditure and social assistance expenditure as a share of gdp. Social services spending and health outcomes across the oecd.
The authors of this paper ran a few regressions using healthcare and social services spending as a percentage of gdp as the predictors of population health outcomes. Oecd social expenditure database for the years 1980 2007. The oecd database on social expenditure socx was accordingly set up to provide a means of monitoring overall trends in social expenditure and analysing changes in their composition. Social expenditure aggregated data social expenditure socx public expenditure on oldage and survivors cash benefits, in % gdp. Gender institutions and development database giddb 2019. Formerly titled the oecd social expenditure database socx, this includes reliable and internationally comparable statistics on public and mandatory. Social expenditure comprises cash benefits, direct inkind provision of goods and services, and tax breaks with social purposes. The goal of social expenditures is to improve societal wellbeing by collective provision of goods and. The detailed nature of expenditure data in socx also constitutes an important form of.
Hence, social expenditure based on the oecd standards is an important indicator in terms of making an international comparison of social security expenditure. Social protection public unemployment spending oecd data. Composition of public spending by main component 9. But aggregate social expenditure may sometimes fail to reflect the true effort of a country in providing social support. Statistics on various social policy areas, including old age, survivors, incapacityrelated benefits, health, family, active labor market programmes, unemployment, and housing. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle. The oecd socx manual 2019 edition a guide to the oecd social expenditure database enter any logistical information related to the meeting e. This version also includes for the first time estimates of net total social spending for 2003 for 24 oecd countries. Social expenditure socx public expenditure on oldage and survivors cash benefits, in % gdp. To be considered social, programmes have to involve either redistribution of resources across households. Social expenditure statistics table from 1980 with some aggregates to 1095 the oecd social expenditure database socx has been developed in order to serve a growing need for indicators of social policy. France 2017 oecd economic survey towards more inclusive.
Data on social expenditure are obtained from the oecd social expenditure database socx for the period 19812009. This article is part of a set of background articles providing an outline of knowledge of international statistical cooperation between the european union eu and developing countries, for nonstatisticians needing to deal with statistics in development programmes and projects. Social democracy and social policy in neoliberal times. Part i of this paper first presents information on trends and composition of social expenditure as in the oecd social expenditure database for the years 1980 2007. Distributive impacts of social protection systems in oecd countries. Default view map map bubble map bars list pearls lines lines scatter plot data. The source for all above graphs is the social expenditure database from the organization of economic cooperation and development oecd. I recently read an interesting paper that looked at the relationship between social services spending and health outcomes across the oecd countries 1. Oecd social, employment and migration working papers no. In addition, data on social expenditure of other countries have been updated on a regular basis and published up to relatively recent years by each of the nine policy areas. Social expenditures in the us are higher than all other. The outline serves as an entry point and introduction to the much more detailed eurostat. Over this period, public social expenditure as a percentage of gdp, on average across oecd, increased from 15. Account needs to be taken of the effects of tax systems and transfers which, although mandatory, are.
Socx provides a unique tool for monitoring trends in aggregate. This trend can be observed by the positive relative change rates in public spending on family benefits per capita 2005200620092010, indicating that. Professional services legal, accounting, engineering and architecture telecommunications. Audiovisual services broadcasting, motion pictures, sound recording.
Social spending encompasses all universal and meanstested transfers from the government to the population. The aggregated dataset is a subset of the oecd social expenditure database socx database, has been developed in order to serve a growing need for indicators of social protection and social policy. The oecd social expenditure database socx was developed in order. The services trade restrictiveness index database contains information on trade restrictions and behind the border regulation in the following sectors.
Indicators on social spending, 19802012 and a manual to the oecd social expenditure database socx. If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. After accounting for private social expenditure and the impact of the tax system, france is the biggest social spender at about 32% of gdp. Social expenditure aggregated data oecd statistics. Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. The oecd social expenditure database socx was developed in order to serve the need for indicators of social policy. It includes reliable and internationally comparable statistics on public and mandatory and voluntary private social expenditure at programme level. The oecd social expenditure database socx was developed in order to. Fortunately, the recent oecd social expenditure database socx seems to.
Over this period, public social expenditure as a percentage of gdp, on average across. Socx was develloped in the 1990s to analyse trends in social spending and facilitate crossnational social policy analysis. Stat enables users to search for and extract data from across oecds many databases. Public unemployment spending is defined as expenditure on cash benefits for people to compensate for unemployment. Includes datasets related to social expenditure, income distribution, and tax and benefits statistics. Public expenditure on family by type of expenditure cash and in kind, in % gdp. It includes reliable and internationally comparable aggregate statistics on public and mandatory and voluntary private social expenditure. Socx provides a unique tool for monitoring trends in aggregate social expenditure and analysing. Social expenditures in the us are higher than all other oecd countries, except france. So far, no study has examined the impact of public social spending during the recent economic recession on health, and social inequalities in health among young people.
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